For most developed countries, water from the tap is good enough for life-long consumption without the need for any treatment devices.
However, there are still some people who are willing to fork out a considerable amount of money for water purification devices for peace of mind. These home water systems work through a few different methods, filtration and distillation being two of the processes.
Filtration: In a filtration unit, water passes through a porous filter, leaves behind impurities and comes out cleaner. There are carbon filter devices and reverse osmosis units.
Carbon filters adsorb organic contaminants that are responsible for odors and unpleasant tastes.
In a reverse osmosis unit, pressure is applied to water to force it through a membrane. With its exceptionally small pores, the membrane only allows water molecules to pass through, leaving behind contaminants.
Some filtration units have an ultra-violet system which gives out rays to eliminate bacteria in the water after it has been filtered.
Distillation: In distillation units, water is heated to form steam, leaving the impurities. The steam cools and condenses to form purified water. A typical distillation unit comprises a boiling chamber, a condensing chamber and a storage tank to store purified water.
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